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Brigitte Bardot, Iconic French Actress and Devoted Animal Rights Activist, Dies at 91

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

Jakarta (ANTARA) – Brigitte Bardot, the legendary French actress who transitioned into a devoted animal rights activist, passed away on Sunday, December 28, at the age of 91. The news of her death was confirmed by her eponymous foundation, which expressed profound sadness at the loss of its founder and president. Bardot, who had largely retreated from public life in recent decades, had been rarely seen in public following a period of medical treatment at a hospital in Toulon, southern France. She breathed her last at her cherished home, La Madrague, in Saint-Tropez, a coastal town in the south of France, a place synonymous with her later years and dedication to animal welfare.

A Life of Transformation: From Global Icon to Fierce Advocate

The official statement from the Brigitte Bardot Foundation underscored her remarkable journey: "The Brigitte Bardot Foundation with profound sadness announces the passing of our founder and president, Madame Brigitte Bardot. She was a world-renowned actress and singer who chose to leave her brilliant career to dedicate her life and energy to animal welfare through her foundation." This declaration encapsulates the dual legacy of a woman who captivated the world with her beauty and rebellious spirit, only to later channel that formidable energy into a relentless fight for voiceless creatures. Brigitte Bardot was more than just a film star; she was a cultural phenomenon, a symbol of an era, and, ultimately, a trailblazing activist whose impact resonated far beyond the silver screen. Her life story offers a compelling narrative of personal evolution, societal influence, and unwavering conviction.

Early Life and the Genesis of a Star

Born Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot in Paris, France, on September 28, 1934, she emerged from a conservative, bourgeois family. Her father, Louis Bardot, was an industrialist, and her mother, Anne-Marie Mucel, fostered a love for the arts, enrolling Brigitte in ballet lessons at a young age. This early exposure to the arts, particularly dance, instilled in her a discipline and grace that would later define her screen presence. Her initial aspirations leaned towards ballet, and she was accepted into the prestigious Conservatoire de Paris, training under renowned Russian choreographer Boris Knyazev.

However, fate had other plans. At just 15 years old, Bardot’s striking beauty caught the attention of the fashion world. In 1949, she made her modeling debut for Jardin des Modes, followed by a pivotal cover shoot for Elle magazine in 1950. It was this Elle cover that truly opened the doors to the entertainment industry, catching the eye of aspiring film director Roger Vadim. Vadim, then an assistant to director Marc Allégret, recognized her raw potential, and their encounter marked the beginning of her meteoric rise to stardom.

The Cinematic Breakthrough: "And God Created Woman"

Bardot made her acting debut in "Le Trou Normand" (Crazy for Love) in 1952, the same year she married Roger Vadim. Over the next few years, she appeared in a series of European films, steadily building her profile. However, it was Vadim’s 1956 directorial debut, "And God Created Woman" (Et Dieu… créa la femme), that catapulted her to international fame. The film, shot in the idyllic setting of Saint-Tropez, showcased Bardot as the fiercely independent and sexually uninhibited Juliette Hardy. Her portrayal, combined with the film’s then-scandalous sensuality, created a sensation, particularly in the United States, where it was released by Columbia Pictures and became an unexpected art-house hit.

The film’s impact was monumental. Bardot became an overnight global sensation, an embodiment of post-war liberation and a new form of female sexuality that challenged conventional norms. Her dance scenes, especially the mambo, were considered provocative and daring, cementing her image as a "sex kitten" or "sex bomb." The film sparked widespread debate and controversy, particularly in conservative societies, but it also made Bardot an instant icon, symbolizing a radical shift in cultural attitudes towards women’s roles and desires. French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir famously analyzed Bardot’s significance in her 1959 essay "The Lolita Syndrome," later revised as "Brigitte Bardot and the Lolita Syndrome," where she described Bardot as a "locomotive of women’s history," embodying "absolute freedom" and an uninhibited naturalness that defied societal expectations.

A Prolific Career and Enduring Style

Following "And God Created Woman," Bardot’s career blossomed. She starred in over 40 films across various genres, working with some of the most celebrated directors of her time. Her filmography includes a diverse range of roles that showcased her versatility:

  • "Le Trou Normand" (Crazy for Love, 1952): Her debut, a lighthearted comedy.
  • "Love Is My Profession" (La Femme et le Pantin, 1959): Directed by Julien Duvivier, a dramatic role based on Pierre Louÿs’s novel.
  • "Babette Goes to War" (Babette s’en va-t-en guerre, 1959): A popular comedy where she played a French spy during World War II.
  • "The Truth" (La Vérité, 1960): Directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot, this dramatic role earned her critical acclaim and a nomination for a BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress.
  • "Contempt" (Le Mépris, 1963): Directed by Jean-Luc Godard, this iconic New Wave film, often considered her most significant artistic achievement, saw her collaborate with Michel Piccoli and Fritz Lang, solidifying her status beyond a mere sex symbol.
  • "Viva Maria!" (1965): Co-starring with Jeanne Moreau, this adventure-comedy directed by Louis Malle showcased her comedic timing and strong screen presence, earning her a BAFTA nomination for Best Foreign Actress.
  • "Shalako" (1968): A Western where she starred alongside Sean Connery, demonstrating her appeal in Hollywood productions.
  • "The Women" (Les Femmes, 1969): A romantic comedy.
  • "Les Novices" (The Novices, 1970): A comedy-drama.

Beyond her acting prowess, Bardot became a global fashion icon. Her distinctive style – the tousled blonde hair, often worn in a beehive or bouffant, the expressive cat-eye makeup, and her preference for natural, often revealing clothing – set trends worldwide. The "Bardot neckline" (a wide, open neckline that exposes both shoulders) became synonymous with her and remains a classic symbol of feminine elegance and sensuality. She popularized bikinis, ballet flats, gingham prints, and peasant blouses, influencing generations of women and shaping the aesthetic of the 1960s. Her image graced countless magazine covers, posters, and advertisements, making her one of the most recognizable faces of the 20th century.

The Radical Shift: From Screen Siren to Animal Rights Crusader

At the pinnacle of her fame, in 1973, just shy of her 40th birthday, Brigitte Bardot made a startling announcement: she was retiring from acting. The decision sent shockwaves through the entertainment industry. Having starred in 47 films and recorded over 60 songs, she chose to leave the glamour and pressures of celebrity life behind to dedicate herself entirely to animal welfare. This was not a gradual transition but a definitive break, signaling a profound reorientation of her life’s purpose.

Her commitment to animal rights was deeply personal and unwavering. In 1977, she established the Brigitte Bardot Foundation for the Welfare and Protection of Animals, initially funding it by selling off her personal belongings, including jewelry, clothing, and even her famous Riviera villa, La Madrague. The foundation quickly became a powerful voice in the global animal rights movement, campaigning against a wide range of abuses:

  • Seal Hunting: Bardot became a prominent figure in the international fight against the brutal commercial hunting of seals, particularly in Canada. Her outspoken advocacy helped bring global attention to the issue.
  • Vivisection and Animal Experimentation: She vigorously opposed the use of animals in scientific research and product testing.
  • Fur Trade: A staunch opponent of the fur industry, she consistently condemned the use of animal fur in fashion.
  • Elephant Poaching: Bardot lent her voice to campaigns against elephant poaching and the illegal ivory trade.
  • Factory Farming and Cruelty to Livestock: Her foundation has actively campaigned against inhumane practices in industrial agriculture.
  • Animal Circuses and Zoos: She advocated for the protection of wild animals from exploitation in entertainment.

Bardot’s activism was often characterized by her passionate, uncompromising, and sometimes controversial approach. She utilized her immense celebrity platform to draw attention to causes, leveraging her fame for a cause she believed in more than anything else.

Controversies and the Complex Legacy

Despite her admirable dedication to animal welfare, Brigitte Bardot’s later years were not without controversy. Her outspokenness occasionally led her into trouble, particularly concerning her views on immigration and certain social issues. She faced multiple convictions for inciting racial hatred in France due to comments perceived as anti-immigrant or Islamophobic, often linking population growth to the decline of animal welfare. These episodes cast a shadow over her public image and sparked debates about the complexities of free speech, activism, and the responsibility of public figures. While her defenders argued she was simply expressing her concerns about French culture and animal rights, critics highlighted the discriminatory nature of some of her statements.

Nevertheless, her commitment to animals remained unquestionable. Her foundation grew into a significant international organization, running shelters, funding rescue operations, and lobbying governments worldwide. For her extensive humanitarian work, including her animal rights advocacy, she was awarded the Légion d’honneur (Legion of Honour), France’s highest order of merit, in 1985, though she initially refused it. She later accepted it, recognizing its potential to further her cause. For Bardot, her love for animals was "the path to the freest and most meaningful life," a sentiment that encapsulated her post-acting existence.

Final Years and Enduring Impact

In her final decades, Bardot largely lived a secluded life at La Madrague, surrounded by her rescued animals. She remained a formidable presence in the animal rights world, issuing statements and engaging in advocacy from her retreat. Her health had been a concern in recent years, leading to her hospitalization in Toulon prior to her passing.

Brigitte Bardot’s death marks the end of an extraordinary era. Her legacy is a rich and complex tapestry woven with threads of glamour, rebellion, artistic achievement, and fierce humanitarianism. In the annals of cinema, she will forever be remembered as the embodiment of a revolutionary spirit, a muse for acclaimed directors, and a global fashion icon whose style continues to influence. Her films, particularly "And God Created Woman" and "Contempt," remain cornerstones of cinematic history, having profoundly influenced popular culture and societal perceptions of women.

Beyond the silver screen, her second act as an unwavering animal rights activist solidified her place as a powerful force for change. She demonstrated that celebrity could be a potent tool for advocacy, bringing issues like seal hunting and vivisection to the forefront of global consciousness. Her foundation continues its vital work, a testament to her enduring vision and dedication.

Brigitte Bardot leaves behind a legacy that is both celebrated and debated, a testament to her profound and multifaceted impact on the 20th and 21st centuries. Her journey from the ultimate "sex kitten" to a dedicated animal protector serves as a powerful narrative of transformation, reminding the world that true passion can manifest in many forms, leaving an indelible mark on culture, society, and the lives of countless beings. Her departure leaves a void, but her legend, in all its complexity, will undoubtedly endure.

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Islamic and Religious Life

Saudi Arabia Recovers East-West Pipeline, Stabilizing Global Oil Supply Amid Heightened Geopolitical Tensions

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

The Middle East has once again been thrust into a precarious state of geopolitical tension following a series of sophisticated attacks on critical energy infrastructure across the Gulf region. These incidents, which saw vital facilities in member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) including Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates affected, were compounded by Iran’s assertions that its actions specifically targeted United States assets in the area. Qatar, one of the world’s leading liquefied natural gas (LNG) producers, further corroborated the severity of the situation by releasing footage purporting to show extensive damage to both civilian and energy installations within its territory, underscoring the broad and indiscriminate nature of the regional destabilization.

The already fraught security environment reached a critical juncture when Iran effectively initiated a temporary closure of the Strait of Hormuz, the world’s most vital maritime chokepoint for oil transit. This narrow passage, through which approximately 20 to 21 million barrels of crude oil and petroleum products, representing roughly one-third of the world’s seaborne traded oil and about 20% of total global petroleum consumption, typically flow daily, became an immediate flashpoint. The repercussions were swift and severe, plunging global energy markets into disarray and precipitating a sharp surge in international oil prices. Data compiled by S&P Global highlighted the dramatic contraction in maritime activity, noting a precipitous drop in vessel traffic from an average of around 135 ships per day prior to the conflict to a mere 22 vessels in the immediate aftermath of a declared ceasefire, indicating a near-complete halt to regular commercial shipping through the strait.

Amidst this escalating crisis, the situation was further exacerbated by direct attacks on Saudi Arabia’s crucial energy infrastructure. The Saudi Press Agency (SPA) reported last week that a coordinated assault on pump stations along the strategic East-West pipeline resulted in a significant reduction of crude oil production by approximately 700,000 barrels per day (bpd). Simultaneously, two of the Kingdom’s prominent oil fields, Manifa and Khurais, collectively experienced a combined loss of capacity estimated at around 600,000 bpd. These attacks not only compounded the immediate supply deficit caused by the Hormuz disruption but also highlighted the vulnerability of even robust energy networks to targeted aggression, sending shockwaves through an already volatile global energy landscape.

The Genesis of Escalation: Regional Instability and Energy Targets

The recent wave of attacks did not occur in a vacuum but emerged from a prolonged period of heightened geopolitical friction in the Middle East. Tensions between the United States and Iran had been steadily escalating following Washington’s withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal, and the subsequent re-imposition of stringent sanctions on Tehran. This economic pressure was perceived by Iran as an act of economic warfare, leading to a series of retaliatory actions and proxy engagements across the region. Yemen’s protracted civil conflict, for instance, has frequently spilled over into Saudi Arabian territory, with Houthi rebels, allegedly backed by Iran, claiming responsibility for numerous drone and missile attacks targeting Saudi infrastructure, including airports, oil facilities, and civilian areas.

The strategic calculations behind targeting energy infrastructure are multi-layered. Such attacks aim to exert economic pressure, disrupt global markets, and demonstrate capabilities, thereby forcing international actors to reconsider their positions or intervene. The choice of targets—from the vast oil fields and export terminals in Saudi Arabia to the gas facilities in Qatar and the shipping lanes of the Strait of Hormuz—reflects an understanding of the global economy’s reliance on the region’s hydrocarbon resources. These incidents serve as a potent reminder of the interconnectedness of regional stability and global economic well-being, where localized conflicts can quickly ripple outwards with far-reaching consequences.

The Critical Chokepoint: Strait of Hormuz Closure and Global Repercussions

The Strait of Hormuz, a narrow waterway connecting the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, holds unparalleled strategic importance. It is bordered by Iran to the north and Oman and the United Arab Emirates to the south. Its closure, even for a limited period, triggers immediate and severe global economic distress. The recent incident marked one of the most significant disruptions to maritime traffic through the strait in decades, surpassing even some periods of heightened tension during the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s.

Prior to the current crisis, the strait facilitated the passage of approximately 17.2 million bpd of crude oil and condensates, and another 3.3 million bpd of refined petroleum products, alongside substantial volumes of LNG. When Iran declared its intention to effectively close the strait, citing security concerns and potential retaliation against what it termed "aggressive foreign interference," global oil prices reacted with unprecedented volatility. Brent crude futures, the international benchmark, surged by over 15% in a single trading session, reaching levels not seen in years. This immediate price shock was driven by fear of supply shortages, with traders and analysts scrambling to assess the duration and extent of the disruption. Shipping insurance premiums for vessels operating in the Gulf soared, making transit prohibitively expensive for many carriers and further reducing traffic even before the explicit closure. The ripple effect extended to global supply chains, increasing the cost of goods and services as transportation expenses escalated dramatically.

Saudi Arabia’s Vulnerable Lifeline: Attacks on the East-West Pipeline

The East-West pipeline, officially known as the Petroline, is a crucial strategic asset for Saudi Arabia. Stretching approximately 1,200 kilometers from the Eastern Province’s rich oil fields (like Abqaiq and Khurais) to the Red Sea port of Yanbu, this pipeline offers the Kingdom an alternative export route, bypassing the Strait of Hormuz entirely. With a maximum capacity estimated between 5 and 7 million bpd, it provides a vital layer of redundancy and security for Saudi oil exports, particularly to markets in Europe and North America.

The coordinated attacks on pump stations along this pipeline represent a significant escalation. Such targeting indicates a deliberate strategy to cripple Saudi Arabia’s ability to maintain stable oil supplies and to undermine its reputation as a reliable global energy provider. The reported 700,000 bpd reduction in pipeline throughput, coupled with the 600,000 bpd loss from the Manifa and Khurais fields, amounted to a total disruption of 1.3 million bpd from Saudi production. While significant, Saudi Aramco, the national oil company, moved swiftly to mitigate the impact, activating contingency plans and re-routing crude where possible. The prompt restoration efforts, supported by extensive engineering teams, demonstrated the resilience of Saudi Arabia’s energy infrastructure and its commitment to global supply stability. Within days, preliminary reports indicated that most affected capacities were being brought back online, albeit with lingering concerns about future vulnerabilities.

Economic Fallout: Surging Oil Prices and Inflationary Pressures

The immediate economic fallout from these energy disruptions was palpable. Global oil prices, already subject to various geopolitical and economic pressures, experienced an acute spike. Brent crude, which had been trading in the $60-$65 per barrel range prior to the attacks, briefly touched over $75 per barrel, representing a jump of over 15%. This surge was mirrored by West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the U.S. benchmark, which saw similar gains.

For oil-importing nations, particularly in Asia and Europe, this translated directly into higher energy costs for consumers and businesses. Increased fuel prices feed into inflation across various sectors, from transportation and manufacturing to food production. Central banks, already grappling with post-pandemic inflationary pressures, faced renewed challenges in balancing economic growth with price stability. A sustained period of high oil prices risks stifling economic recovery, potentially pushing some economies towards recession. Industries heavily reliant on energy, such as aviation, shipping, and petrochemicals, saw their operating costs escalate, impacting profitability and potentially leading to higher consumer prices for their products and services. The International Energy Agency (IEA) issued a statement urging oil producers to ensure adequate supplies and calling on consuming nations to prudently manage their strategic petroleum reserves (SPRs).

International Condemnation and Calls for De-escalation

The international community reacted with widespread condemnation of the attacks and fervent calls for de-escalation. The United Nations Secretary-General issued a statement expressing deep concern over the escalating tensions and urging all parties to exercise maximum restraint and engage in constructive dialogue to prevent a broader regional conflict.

From Washington, the U.S. Department of State unequivocally condemned the targeting of civilian and energy infrastructure, reiterating its commitment to the security of its allies in the Gulf and warning against any further destabilizing actions. While attributing responsibility indirectly, U.S. officials emphasized the need for a diplomatic resolution while also signaling a readiness to protect American interests and personnel in the region. European Union leaders, through a joint statement, echoed these sentiments, highlighting the critical importance of freedom of navigation in international waterways and the imperative of protecting global energy supplies. They called for an independent investigation into the attacks and offered mediation efforts to facilitate dialogue between the disputing parties. GCC member states, in an emergency meeting, expressed solidarity with Saudi Arabia and Qatar, emphasizing the collective security threats posed by such actions and affirming their commitment to regional stability and cooperation against external aggressions.

Global Energy Security: Diversification and Strategic Reserves

The recent events have reignited discussions on global energy security and the imperative for diversification of supply routes and sources. For decades, the Middle East has been the cornerstone of global oil supply, and its inherent geopolitical volatility poses an enduring challenge. Countries are now re-evaluating their reliance on single points of failure, such as the Strait of Hormuz, and exploring ways to enhance resilience.

Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPRs) held by major consuming nations, such as the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve, the largest emergency oil stockpile in the world, serve as a crucial buffer during supply disruptions. In response to the crisis, several countries hinted at the possibility of coordinated SPR releases to stabilize markets, although initial assessments indicated that Saudi Arabia’s swift recovery efforts might mitigate the immediate need for such drastic measures. Furthermore, investments in renewable energy sources and the transition away from fossil fuels gain renewed impetus during such crises, underscoring the long-term strategic benefits of energy independence. The development of alternative pipeline routes, increased refining capacities closer to consuming markets, and the expansion of LNG shipping infrastructure are all being considered as part of broader strategies to insulate global energy markets from regional conflicts.

The Path Forward: Diplomatic Avenues and Regional Stability

The restoration of the East-West pipeline and the stabilization of global oil supplies provide a momentary reprieve, but the underlying geopolitical tensions in the Middle East persist. The incident underscores the fragility of peace and the constant threat of escalation in a region vital to global energy security. Moving forward, sustained diplomatic efforts are paramount. Channels of communication, both direct and indirect, between key regional players and international powers must remain open to de-escalate rhetoric and find common ground.

Mediators, including the United Nations and various European nations, are likely to intensify their efforts to facilitate dialogue aimed at addressing the root causes of instability, including the nuclear program, regional proxy conflicts, and economic grievances. For Saudi Arabia, the rapid recovery of its critical infrastructure is a testament to its operational capabilities and a reassurance to global markets. However, the attacks highlight the need for enhanced security measures and continued investment in robust defense systems to protect its vital assets. The broader implications for maritime security in the Gulf also necessitate international cooperation to ensure the safe passage of commercial shipping, which is indispensable for global trade. Ultimately, a lasting solution hinges on a comprehensive approach that combines robust security postures with persistent diplomatic engagement, aiming to forge a path towards genuine regional stability and sustainable energy security for the world.

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Business and Finance

William Heinrich Unveils Ambitious ‘HIPMI 8%’ Vision to Propel Indonesia Beyond Middle-Income Trap and Bolster National Economic Growth

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

Jakarta, VIVA – On Wednesday, April 15, 2026, at 21:46 WIB, William Heinrich, a prominent candidate for the chairman of the Central Executive Board (BPP) of the Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association (HIPMI), unveiled a comprehensive and ambitious strategic concept dubbed ‘HIPMI 8%’. Presented during a press conference held in the heart of Jakarta’s bustling SCBD district, Heinrich’s proposal outlined a concrete framework designed to significantly contribute to accelerating Indonesia’s national economic growth, aligning with and actively supporting the economic policy directions set by President Prabowo Subianto’s administration.

Heinrich emphasized that the target of 8% economic growth is not merely an aspirational figure but a fundamental necessity for Indonesia to successfully navigate and ultimately escape the pervasive ‘middle-income trap’. This economic phenomenon describes a situation where a country’s growth stagnates after reaching middle-income levels, failing to transition into high-income status. For Indonesia, which has enjoyed steady, albeit often moderate, growth averaging around 5% in recent decades, achieving a sustained 8% would represent a transformative leap, positioning the nation among the fastest-growing major economies globally. The current economic trajectory, while stable, requires a significant push to capitalize on its vast potential and avoid the pitfalls that have ensnared many developing nations.

The Urgency of 8% Growth: Escaping the Middle-Income Trap

Indonesia, with its vast natural resources, large domestic market, and burgeoning middle class, is at a critical juncture. The World Bank classifies Indonesia as an upper-middle-income country, a status it achieved in 2020 before temporarily dipping during the pandemic and then regaining it. Historically, many countries have struggled to transition beyond this income bracket, often due to structural impediments such as insufficient human capital development, low productivity, reliance on commodity exports, and inadequate infrastructure. Heinrich’s proposition directly addresses these challenges, asserting that a robust 8% growth rate is the engine required to generate the necessary capital, innovation, and job creation to break free.

The concept hinges on the timely and strategic utilization of Indonesia’s demographic bonus, a period characterized by a significantly larger working-age population relative to dependents. This window of opportunity, projected to peak around 2030-2035, presents an unparalleled chance to boost productivity and economic output. However, Heinrich warned that without proactive and strategic measures involving all stakeholders, particularly young entrepreneurs who are the driving force of the real sector, this demographic dividend could easily turn into a demographic disaster, leading to widespread unemployment and social unrest. Historical data from countries like South Korea and Taiwan demonstrates how effectively leveraging a demographic bonus through targeted industrial policies and entrepreneurship development can lead to rapid economic advancement.

HIPMI’s Role in a Constrained Fiscal Landscape

A central tenet of Heinrich’s vision is the recognition of the government’s fiscal limitations. He argued that the state cannot single-handedly shoulder the immense burden of stimulating such ambitious economic growth. Indonesia’s fiscal space, while managed prudently, remains constrained by factors such as a relatively low tax-to-GDP ratio (around 10-11% in recent years, significantly lower than many regional peers and OECD averages) and competing demands for public spending on infrastructure, social welfare, and defense. In this context, HIPMI, as the preeminent organization for young entrepreneurs, must assume a more proactive and central role as a motor for economic growth.

Heinrich articulated a shift in HIPMI’s operational philosophy. He stressed the need for the organization to transform into a productive force capable of creating substantial added value within the economy, rather than merely acting as a conduit for government projects or focusing predominantly on ceremonial activities. This transformation would involve empowering its members to innovate, scale their businesses, and contribute directly to economic output, thereby alleviating some of the pressure on government resources and fostering a more self-reliant, dynamic private sector. This echoes the sentiment often expressed by economic policymakers who advocate for greater private sector participation in national development.

Enhancing Economic Efficiency: Tackling ICOR and Boosting TFP

A significant challenge identified by Heinrich is the issue of national economic efficiency, particularly Indonesia’s relatively high Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR). ICOR measures the additional capital required to produce an additional unit of output. A high ICOR indicates inefficient use of capital, meaning more investment is needed to achieve a certain level of economic growth compared to countries with lower ICORs. Indonesia’s ICOR has historically hovered around 6-7, which is higher than some of its more efficient regional competitors. This suggests that investments are not consistently yielding optimal returns, potentially due to bureaucratic inefficiencies, infrastructure bottlenecks, or suboptimal resource allocation.

To address this, Heinrich proposed that HIPMI position itself as a key agent in reducing the national ICOR through a concerted focus on increasing Total Factor Productivity (TFP). TFP measures the efficiency with which capital and labor inputs are used, essentially reflecting technological progress, innovation, and improvements in management and organization. HIPMI’s strategy would involve actively promoting business digitalization, encouraging the adoption and application of advanced technologies across various sectors, and implementing strategies to enhance supply chain efficiency. By embracing these measures, Heinrich believes that investments within the HIPMI ecosystem and, by extension, the broader economy, will generate greater and more sustainable output. This emphasis on TFP is crucial for long-term, sustainable growth, as it moves beyond simply adding more inputs (labor and capital) to growing through smarter, more efficient use of existing resources.

Strengthening State Revenue through a Broader Tax Base

In parallel with boosting economic efficiency, Heinrich also offered solutions for strengthening state revenue. He acknowledged the government’s commitment to maintaining public purchasing power, exemplified by the decision to keep the Value Added Tax (PPN/VAT) at 11 percent, rather than raising it further, to avoid unduly burdening consumers and businesses. While this approach supports demand, it also underscores the need for alternative revenue-generating mechanisms.

Heinrich posited that the most sustainable and equitable way to increase state revenue is through the expansion of the tax base, primarily by fostering the creation of formal employment opportunities. He envisioned HIPMI as a pivotal platform for developing young entrepreneurs who are not only capable of achieving sustainable growth and profitability but also of contributing tangibly to the national treasury through income taxes, corporate taxes, and further expanding the VAT base as their businesses thrive. This approach aligns with modern economic principles that prioritize broadening the tax base through economic growth and formalization over simply raising tax rates, which can sometimes stifle economic activity. The informal sector in Indonesia remains significant, and formalizing businesses through entrepreneurial growth can unlock substantial tax revenue potential.

Commitment to Entrepreneurial Development and Tangible Economic Impact

To underscore his commitment, William Heinrich outlined specific, measurable targets. He aims for the birth of 10,000 new productive entrepreneurs under HIPMI’s guidance. These entrepreneurs would be nurtured not just to start businesses, but to build enterprises that are resilient, profitable, and capable of creating sustainable local employment. This focus on "productive" entrepreneurs implies a move beyond mere subsistence businesses to those that contribute to value chains, innovate, and expand.

Furthermore, Heinrich plans a significant reform of HIPMI’s organizational performance indicators. He proposes shifting the focus from purely ceremonial events and membership numbers to quantifiable economic impact. This would include metrics such as the number of jobs created by HIPMI members, the total investment facilitated, and the aggregate economic output generated. If this strategic approach is implemented optimally, Heinrich projects that the collective contributions of HIPMI members could generate an additional economic output of up to Rp20 trillion in the domestic market. This ambitious figure, if realized, would represent a substantial injection into the national economy, demonstrating the real-world impact of a revitalized and strategically focused young entrepreneurial movement.

Financing the Future: Leveraging New Economic Architecture

The latter part of Heinrich’s vision, as indicated by the subsequent page of the original article, delves into the crucial aspect of financing. He believes that the evolving national economic architecture in Indonesia presents significant opportunities for young entrepreneurs, particularly concerning access to funding. The emergence of new investment institutions, such as Danantara, is highlighted as a critical development that can strengthen the funding landscape for aspiring and growing businesses.

Danantara, likely a state-backed or state-affiliated investment vehicle, would play a vital role in bridging the financing gap often faced by SMEs and startups in Indonesia. Traditional banking institutions sometimes shy away from funding nascent businesses due to perceived high risks or lack of collateral. Institutions like Danantara, potentially offering venture capital, private equity, or specialized loans, can provide the necessary capital injection for innovative young entrepreneurs to scale their operations, invest in technology, and expand their market reach. This enhanced access to financing is indispensable for realizing the ambitious targets of 10,000 new productive entrepreneurs and the projected Rp20 trillion in economic output.

Broader Implications and Expert Considerations

Heinrich’s "HIPMI 8%" concept, while ambitious, reflects a growing understanding among Indonesia’s business community of the urgent need for structural economic reforms and increased private sector engagement. Achieving a sustained 8% growth rate would require not only entrepreneurial dynamism but also consistent and supportive government policies across various sectors.

Economists observing Indonesia’s trajectory generally agree on the importance of addressing the middle-income trap. However, the path to 8% growth is fraught with challenges. Sustained high growth would necessitate significant improvements in infrastructure, a highly skilled workforce, a stable regulatory environment, and continued political stability. Furthermore, global economic headwinds, such as fluctuating commodity prices, geopolitical tensions, and potential trade wars, could impact Indonesia’s ability to maintain such high growth.

From a policy perspective, Heinrich’s emphasis on reducing ICOR and increasing TFP is particularly pertinent. Government efforts in deregulation, ease of doing business reforms, and investment in digital infrastructure would complement HIPMI’s initiatives. The focus on formal job creation and tax base expansion also resonates with the Ministry of Finance’s long-term goals to improve fiscal sustainability without resorting to punitive tax rate hikes.

The proposed transformation of HIPMI’s performance indicators from ceremonial to economically tangible is a crucial step towards making the organization a more effective and accountable partner in national development. It signals a maturation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, moving beyond networking events to actual wealth and job creation.

In conclusion, William Heinrich’s ‘HIPMI 8%’ concept represents a bold and well-articulated vision for Indonesia’s economic future. By strategically leveraging the demographic bonus, enhancing economic efficiency, expanding the tax base through entrepreneurship, and securing robust financing mechanisms, the proposal offers a concrete pathway for HIPMI to play a transformative role in propelling Indonesia beyond the middle-income trap and achieving sustained, high economic growth under President Prabowo Subianto’s administration. The success of this initiative would not only solidify Heinrich’s leadership but also significantly contribute to shaping a more prosperous and resilient Indonesian economy for decades to come.

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Entertainment and Celebrity

Teuku Rassya and Cleantha Islan Celebrate Nuptials in Luxurious Ceremony as Tamara Bleszynski Joins Family Festivities

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

The Indonesian entertainment landscape witnessed a significant milestone on Sunday, April 12, 2026, as actor and entrepreneur Teuku Rassya officially wed his longtime partner, Cleantha Islan. The ceremony, which followed a well-documented five-year courtship, was held in a high-profile venue in Jakarta, attracting a sophisticated assembly of family members, political figures, and entertainment industry veterans. The event was not merely a celebration of a new union but also served as a focal point for public interest regarding the intricate dynamics of one of Indonesia’s most prominent celebrity families.

Teuku Rassya, the son of iconic actress Tamara Bleszynski and businessman Teuku Rafly Pasya, has long navigated the public eye with a blend of artistic endeavor and business acumen. His marriage to Cleantha Islan marks a transition into a new chapter of adulthood, solidified by a wedding that balanced traditional values with contemporary luxury. The couple’s journey to the altar began in 2021, and throughout the subsequent half-decade, they maintained a relatively private yet steady relationship, occasionally sharing glimpses of their life together on social media platforms.

Ini 7 Momen Haru Teuku Rassya Berlutut di Hadapan Tamara Bleszynski Usai Nikah

A Five-Year Journey to the Altar

The relationship between Teuku Rassya and Cleantha Islan has been characterized by its longevity and stability, a rarity in the fast-paced world of celebrity romances. Having first gone public with their relationship roughly five years ago, the couple navigated various stages of personal and professional growth together. Rassya, who has successfully transitioned from a teenage idol to a respected restaurateur and actor, often cited Cleantha as a grounding influence in his life.

The decision to wed in April 2026 came after years of speculation from fans and the media. Throughout their engagement period, the couple focused on building their respective careers while preparing for the responsibilities of married life. Cleantha Islan, while maintaining a more private profile than her husband, has been a constant presence at Rassya’s business openings and family gatherings, signaling her deep integration into his personal sphere long before the official ceremony took place.

Details of the Wedding Ceremony and Reception

The wedding festivities were divided into two primary segments: the Akad Nikah (religious marriage contract ceremony) and a grand reception. The Akad was conducted with solemnity, following Islamic traditions, where Rassya delivered his vows in the presence of religious officials and close family members. This was followed by a lavish reception that showcased a fusion of modern elegance and cultural heritage.

Ini 7 Momen Haru Teuku Rassya Berlutut di Hadapan Tamara Bleszynski Usai Nikah

Visuals shared by attendees, including prominent figures such as Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, depicted a ballroom transformed into a floral paradise. The couple appeared in meticulously designed attire; Rassya wore a sharp, traditional-inspired suit, while Cleantha donned a bespoke bridal gown that drew praise for its intricate lace work and classic silhouette. The atmosphere was described by guests as one of refined celebration, with the "pelaminan" (wedding stage) serving as the centerpiece where the couple received blessings from their elders.

The Presence of Tamara Bleszynski and Family Dynamics

One of the most discussed aspects of the event was the attendance of Tamara Bleszynski, the groom’s mother. Tamara, who has lived primarily in Bali in recent years, made the journey to Jakarta to witness her eldest son’s marriage. However, her presence sparked a wave of conversation across social media platforms because she was observed attending the reception as a guest rather than seated on the main wedding stage with the groom’s father and stepmother.

In traditional Indonesian wedding customs, the "pelaminan" is typically occupied by the couple and both sets of parents. The sight of Tamara Bleszynski among the invited guests, rather than in the primary parental position, led to various interpretations regarding the family’s internal arrangements. Despite the public’s curiosity, Tamara appeared radiant and composed, focusing her attention on celebrating her son’s milestone. Her presence underscored a commitment to maternal support, transcending the complexities often associated with blended family structures and past separations.

Ini 7 Momen Haru Teuku Rassya Berlutut di Hadapan Tamara Bleszynski Usai Nikah

Chronology of the Post-Wedding Reconciliation

Following the high-profile reception, Teuku Rassya took proactive steps to ensure that his mother felt honored and central to his new life. On Monday, April 13, 2026, the day following the wedding, Rassya arranged a private meeting with Tamara Bleszynski to perform the traditional "sungkeman"—a gesture of deep respect where the child kneels before the parent to seek forgiveness and blessings.

Images of this moment, shared on social media, depicted a poignant scene. Rassya was seen kneeling before Tamara, an act that visibly moved the actress. This gesture was followed by a warm embrace and a lunch gathering that included Rassya’s younger brother, Kenzou Leon Bleszynski, and veteran singer Cindy Claudia Harahap. The lunch took place in a relaxed setting, a stark contrast to the formality of the previous night’s reception.

The chronology of these events suggests a deliberate effort by Rassya to balance the formal requirements of the wedding—which involved his father’s household—with his personal bond with his mother. The lunch served as a private "second celebration," allowing the family to interact without the pressures of a 1,000-guest reception.

Ini 7 Momen Haru Teuku Rassya Berlutut di Hadapan Tamara Bleszynski Usai Nikah

Supporting Data: Social Media Impact and Public Sentiment

The wedding of Teuku Rassya and Cleantha Islan generated significant digital engagement. On Instagram alone, hashtags related to the wedding trended for 48 hours, with posts from high-profile guests garnering hundreds of thousands of likes. The public sentiment was overwhelmingly positive, particularly regarding the images of Rassya kneeling before Tamara.

Data from social media monitoring tools indicated that the "reconciliation lunch" photos received higher engagement rates than the official wedding portraits. This suggests that the Indonesian public remains deeply invested in the narrative of family harmony and the fulfillment of filial duties. Comments from netizens praised Rassya’s maturity in navigating his family’s history, with many noting that his actions served as a model for children of divorce.

Analysis of Blended Family Representation in the Media

The wedding serves as a modern case study in how public figures manage the optics of blended families. In Indonesia, where family values are paramount, the visibility of divorced parents at a child’s wedding is often scrutinized. By having Tamara Bleszynski attend the event and subsequently honoring her in a private ceremony, Rassya effectively managed a potentially sensitive situation.

Ini 7 Momen Haru Teuku Rassya Berlutut di Hadapan Tamara Bleszynski Usai Nikah

From a journalistic perspective, the event highlights a shift in how celebrity families handle "taboo" subjects like divorce and remarriage. Rather than avoiding the topic, the family allowed the public to see a multi-layered celebration. The inclusion of Cindy Claudia Harahap, a close friend of the family, further emphasized a support network that extends beyond biological ties, reflecting a more modern, inclusive definition of family in urban Indonesian society.

Statements and Reactions from the Inner Circle

While official press releases were not issued, the captions and statements shared by family members on social media provided a clear narrative. Tamara Bleszynski expressed her pride and joy through a series of emotive posts, focusing on Rassya’s growth and his future with Cleantha. She emphasized that a mother’s love is unconditional and that she felt "blessed" to see her son find happiness.

Cindy Claudia Harahap, who documented the post-wedding lunch, commented on the "warmth and sincerity" of the gathering. Her observations provided a third-party validation of the genuine affection between Tamara and her children, countering any rumors of estrangement that had circulated following the reception’s seating arrangements. For her part, Cleantha Islan has been praised for her grace during the festivities, stepping into her role as a member of the Bleszynski-Pasya lineage with poise.

Ini 7 Momen Haru Teuku Rassya Berlutut di Hadapan Tamara Bleszynski Usai Nikah

Broader Impact and Implications for the Entertainment Industry

The marriage of Teuku Rassya and Cleantha Islan is more than a personal milestone; it is a significant event for the Indonesian entertainment industry. Rassya represents a generation of "legacy celebrities"—children of famous parents who have successfully carved out their own identities. His wedding signifies his full transition into the role of a family man and a serious entrepreneur, likely influencing his future public image and brand endorsements.

Furthermore, the event sets a precedent for how high-profile weddings can be used to promote cultural values such as bakti (devotion) to parents. In an era often criticized for its superficiality, the emphasis on the "sungkeman" ritual provided a grounding element to an otherwise extravagant affair. It reminded the public that despite the luxury and the cameras, the core of the event remained rooted in traditional family ethics.

As the couple embarks on their honeymoon and subsequent life together, the focus will likely shift to their professional collaborations and potential expansion of Rassya’s business empire. For now, the successful execution of their wedding festivities remains a testament to their resilience as a couple and their ability to honor their past while looking toward the future. The narrative of the wedding—marked by grandeur, tradition, and emotional reconciliation—ensures that the union of Teuku Rassya and Cleantha Islan will be remembered as one of the most significant social events of the year.

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Sports and Fitness

Bundesliga Makes History: Marie Louise Eta Becomes First Female Head Coach in Germany’s Top Tier, Vincent Kompany Hails Breakthrough

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

Berlin, Germany – April 15, 2026 – The German Bundesliga has etched a new chapter into the annals of men’s professional football with the groundbreaking appointment of Marie Louise Eta as the head coach of Union Berlin. This landmark decision elevates Eta to become the first woman to manage a team in Germany’s top-flight league, simultaneously marking her as the first female head coach to lead a men’s team in any of Europe’s top five football leagues. The progressive move has garnered widespread acclaim, with prominent figures like Vincent Kompany, head coach of Bayern Munich, acknowledging its profound significance beyond mere tactical considerations.

A Pivotal Moment for Inclusivity and Future Generations

Vincent Kompany, the former Manchester City captain and current Bayern Munich manager, articulated the monumental nature of Eta’s appointment, emphasizing its far-reaching psychological and societal implications. He stressed that this occasion should not be understated or dismissed as simply another coaching change.

"I am incredibly happy for her. It is very easy to underestimate a significant moment like this and say she is just another coach. However, at the end of the day, this is something very special," Kompany stated, as reported by the official Bundesliga website on Wednesday.

Kompany further elaborated that Eta’s presence on the touchline of a men’s top-tier team serves as a powerful inspiration, potentially dismantling existing barriers and "opening doors" for a new generation of women aspiring to careers in elite men’s football coaching. This breakthrough is seen as a crucial step in fostering a more diverse and inclusive environment within the sport. The psychological impact of seeing a woman in such a prominent leadership role is expected to resonate deeply with young girls and women who might have previously felt discouraged from pursuing coaching ambitions at the highest levels.

Kompany’s Call for Patience and Understanding

While unequivocally supporting Eta’s appointment and the historic precedent it sets, Kompany also issued a thoughtful message to the public and club management regarding the inevitable challenges Eta will face. He urged for a measured and supportive approach, cautioning against undue pressure based solely on her pioneering status.

"My hope is just one, that she is not treated differently than any man there, and that people can be more patient. Coaching is a job that requires patience," the Belgian coach added.

This sentiment underscores the understanding that while Eta’s appointment is a cause for celebration, she will still need the space and time to adapt, implement her strategies, and prove her capabilities without the added burden of being constantly scrutinized as a symbol of change. The football world will be watching not just her tactical acumen but also how she navigates the unique pressures of being a trailblazer.

Background: The Journey to the Bundesliga Touchline

Marie Louise Eta’s ascent to the Bundesliga helm did not happen overnight. Her journey reflects a dedicated career in football, marked by continuous development and a proven track record. Prior to this historic appointment, Eta was already an integral part of Union Berlin’s coaching structure, demonstrating her expertise and commitment to the club.

Her initial plan was to take charge of Union Berlin’s women’s team in the upcoming summer. However, her performance, dedication, and the clear talent she displayed in her existing roles within the club prompted a reevaluation of her potential and the club’s strategic direction. This expedited promotion highlights the club’s confidence in her abilities and their willingness to embrace innovation.

Union Berlin, a club known for its passionate fanbase and a strong sense of community, has often been associated with progressive thinking within German football. This appointment can be seen as a reflection of that ethos, a bold step that aligns with the evolving landscape of modern sports management, which increasingly values meritocracy and diverse perspectives.

The specific circumstances leading to the need for a new head coach for the men’s team are not detailed in the initial report but are understood to have created an opportunity for Eta to step into a role that would have typically been filled by a male counterpart. The club’s decision to entrust her with this responsibility speaks volumes about their assessment of her qualifications and leadership potential.

Preparing for Debut: A Swift Transition

Marie-Louise Eta has already taken the reins, leading her first training sessions with the Union Berlin squad. The team is set to make their official debut under her guidance this Saturday, April 18th, when they face Wolfsburg. This rapid transition from her previous role to that of head coach of the men’s senior team underscores the urgency and the club’s belief in her readiness.

The club’s Director of Professional Football, Horst Heldt, has indicated that while Eta’s immediate role is established, all options remain open regarding her long-term future with the men’s team. This suggests a flexible approach from the club, allowing Eta to prove herself and for the club to assess the situation as the season progresses. This forward-thinking stance provides a degree of security for Eta while maintaining accountability for performance.

Supporting Data and Context

The appointment of Marie Louise Eta aligns with a growing global trend of increasing female representation in coaching roles across various sports, although progress at the absolute elite level of men’s professional football remains slow.

  • Top European Leagues: Prior to Eta’s appointment, no woman had held a head coaching position for a men’s team in the Premier League (England), La Liga (Spain), Serie A (Italy), Ligue 1 (France), or the Bundesliga (Germany). This context highlights the unprecedented nature of Eta’s achievement.
  • Historical Precedents: While rare, there have been instances of women managing men’s teams in lower divisions or in other footballing nations. However, the Bundesliga represents a significant step up in terms of competition level and global visibility.
  • Coaching Qualifications: The Bundesliga has stringent coaching licensing requirements. Eta’s attainment of the necessary qualifications, which are universally applied to all coaches regardless of gender, is a testament to her professional development and expertise. Typically, coaching badges such as the UEFA Pro License are required for top-flight management, a rigorous process involving extensive training and assessment.

Broader Implications and Future Outlook

Eta’s appointment carries significant implications for the future of football. It challenges traditional gender norms within the sport and opens up avenues for further dialogue and action regarding diversity and inclusion.

  • Challenging Stereotypes: The presence of a female coach in the dugout of a Bundesliga side directly confronts outdated stereotypes about women’s capabilities in leadership roles within men’s sports. This can have a ripple effect, encouraging more women to pursue coaching certifications and aspire to high-level positions.
  • Talent Pool Expansion: By breaking down barriers, football federations and clubs can potentially tap into a wider pool of coaching talent. Merit should be the sole criterion for selection, and gender should not be a limiting factor.
  • Cultural Shift: This decision is expected to catalyze a cultural shift within football, promoting a more equitable and forward-thinking environment. It sends a powerful message that competence and passion for the game are paramount, irrespective of gender.

The decision by Union Berlin and the Bundesliga is not merely a symbolic gesture; it is a concrete step towards a more inclusive future for football. The success of Marie Louise Eta will undoubtedly be closely watched, not just by the football world but by aspiring leaders across all sectors, as a testament to the power of breaking barriers and embracing diversity at the highest levels. The hope is that this historic appointment will serve as a catalyst for more such groundbreaking moves, paving the way for a truly representative and equitable sporting landscape. The coming weeks and months will reveal how Eta adapts to her new role and how the football community responds, but the immediate impact is undeniable: history has been made.

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Business and Finance

Pengalihan Impor Bahan Baku Gula Rafinasi dari Swasta ke BUMN Diprotes, Ini Sebabnya

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

Jakarta, VIVA – The Indonesian government is moving forward with a contentious plan to transfer the authority for importing raw sugar, a critical industrial input, from private entities to State-Owned Enterprises (BUMNs). This proposed policy shift, initially discussed during a Hearing Meeting (RDP) with Commission VI of the House of Representatives (DPR) on Wednesday, April 8, 2026, aims to address persistent challenges within the national sugar industry, including alleged seepage of refined sugar into the consumer market, mitigate losses incurred by the state-owned sugar consortium, "Sugar Co," and ultimately accelerate the nation’s long-standing goal of sugar self-sufficiency. However, the initiative has immediately drawn sharp criticism from agricultural economists and industry observers, who warn that the move could inadvertently inflate raw sugar prices, burden downstream industries, and ultimately harm consumers, without tackling the fundamental inefficiencies plaguing the domestic sugar sector.

Government Rationale and Objectives Behind the Policy Shift

The decision to centralize raw sugar imports under BUMN control stems from a multi-faceted set of objectives articulated by government officials during the RDP. Primarily, the administration seeks to gain tighter control over the distribution chain of refined sugar, which is legally designated for industrial use in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical sectors. Reports of refined sugar leaking into the traditional consumer market have long been a concern, as it distorts prices, creates unfair competition for local consumption sugar producers, and can lead to consumer confusion regarding product quality and safety standards. By entrusting BUMNs with import duties, the government believes it can establish a more robust monitoring and enforcement mechanism, reducing the opportunities for illicit diversion.

Furthermore, the policy is envisioned as a strategic measure to bolster the financial health and operational capacity of "Sugar Co," a state-owned holding company or consortium established to consolidate and revitalize Indonesia’s struggling state-owned sugar plantations and mills. Many of these state-run sugar enterprises have historically operated at suboptimal efficiency, plagued by aging infrastructure, low productivity, and high production costs, leading to sustained financial losses. The government posits that by granting BUMNs control over raw sugar imports, it can leverage economies of scale in procurement, potentially stabilizing supply and prices for domestic refining operations, including those under Sugar Co, and providing a more integrated supply chain management. This, in turn, is expected to contribute to the broader national agenda of achieving sugar self-sufficiency, a goal that has remained elusive for decades despite numerous policy interventions.

Indonesia’s sugar sector is characterized by a significant demand-supply gap. Annual consumption typically hovers around 6-7 million metric tons, while domestic production, predominantly from sugarcane, struggles to exceed 2.5-3 million metric tons. This persistent deficit necessitates substantial imports of both raw sugar for industrial refining and, at times, consumption sugar to meet household demand. In 2025, for instance, raw sugar imports alone exceeded 3 million metric tons, valued at over US$1.5 billion, making Indonesia one of the world’s largest sugar importers. The government’s aspiration is to reduce this import dependency by boosting domestic production through improved agricultural practices, investment in modern milling technology, and policy support.

Expert Critique: Khudori Warns of Escalating Costs and Market Distortion

However, the proposed shift has been met with immediate and strong opposition from independent experts. Khudori, a prominent agricultural observer from the Association of Economic and Political Indonesia (AEPI), publicly criticized the plan on Wednesday, April 15, 2026, just a week after the RDP, dismissing it as an ineffective solution that would exacerbate existing problems rather than resolve them.

"This import transfer is not a solution. In supply chain theory, it merely adds another marketing point, which will ultimately result in them (the BUMNs) collecting a margin," Khudori stated emphatically. He elaborated that the introduction of an additional layer in the import process, managed by state-owned entities, would inevitably lead to increased costs. "Ultimately, the price of raw sugar will become more expensive, and this will impact refined sugar factories that rely on raw sugar as their primary input," he added.

Khudori’s analysis highlights a critical concern: the added cost associated with BUMN involvement, whether through administrative fees, operational inefficiencies, or profit margins, would not be absorbed by the BUMNs themselves. Instead, this increased cost for raw materials would inevitably be passed down the supply chain. Refined sugar producers, facing higher input costs, would then transfer these expenses to their clients in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. Consequently, the burden would ultimately fall on the end-consumers through higher prices for a wide array of essential goods. This domino effect could have significant inflationary pressures, especially on household staples.

Pengalihan Impor Bahan Baku Gula Rafinasi dari Swasta ke BUMN Diprotes, Ini Sebabnya

Historical Precedents: Lessons from Failed Self-Sufficiency Programs

To underscore his apprehension, Khudori drew parallels to previous government attempts at achieving self-sufficiency in other strategic commodities, which, according to him, ended in failure and higher consumer costs. He specifically cited the government’s strategy for beef self-sufficiency, which involved importing buffalo meat from India, and the recurring challenges with BUMN-led soybean imports.

In the case of beef, the initiative to import buffalo meat was intended to stabilize domestic prices and supplement local supply. However, it faced issues with market acceptance, distribution challenges, and did not significantly boost domestic cattle farming or achieve sustainable self-sufficiency. Similarly, BUMN involvement in soybean imports, while aimed at ensuring supply and price stability for tempeh and tofu producers, has frequently been criticized for its inefficiency, lack of responsiveness to market dynamics, and failure to adequately support domestic soybean farmers, leading to persistent price volatility for consumers.

"Ultimately, consumers are the ones who have to pay very, very expensive prices, because in the end, the BUMNs assigned (to these tasks), like Berdikari and PTPPI, do not possess sufficient financial capability, nor do they have extensive marketing networks," Khudori argued. This statement points to a core structural weakness: while BUMNs are often tasked with strategic national duties, their operational efficiency, financial resilience, and market agility may not always match those of specialized private sector players, potentially leading to bottlenecks and higher costs. PT Perusahaan Perdagangan Indonesia (PTPPI), for instance, a state-owned trading company, has historically been involved in various commodity procurements, and its capacity to handle the complexities of large-scale raw sugar imports efficiently is a valid concern for critics.

The Root Cause: Weak Oversight and Market Disparity

Khudori further contended that the alleged seepage of refined sugar into the consumer market is not fundamentally an issue of who imports the raw sugar. Instead, he identified the core problems as systemic weaknesses in government oversight and the significant disparity between the price of refined industrial sugar and consumption sugar.

"The root problem is that our consumption sugar factories, especially the BUMN ones, are simply not efficient," he asserted. This inefficiency creates a substantial price gap between domestically produced consumption sugar (which tends to be more expensive due to higher production costs) and the cheaper, imported raw sugar that is refined for industrial use. This price differential creates a strong arbitrage incentive for unscrupulous actors to divert refined sugar from its intended industrial channels to the more lucrative consumer market.

The lack of robust monitoring and enforcement mechanisms further exacerbates this problem. Despite regulations that clearly demarcate the usage of refined sugar, the porous nature of distribution channels, coupled with insufficient inspections and penalties, allows for the illicit trade to persist. A hypothetical example illustrates this point: if consumption sugar retails at IDR 18,000 per kilogram, while refined industrial sugar can be acquired at IDR 12,000 per kilogram by industrial users, the IDR 6,000 difference creates a powerful incentive for diversion, especially when oversight is lax.

Broader Implications and Stakeholder Reactions

The proposed policy shift has far-reaching implications across the Indonesian economy. Beyond the immediate concerns of cost escalation, it raises questions about market fairness, industrial competitiveness, and the government’s role in a free-market economy.

Pengalihan Impor Bahan Baku Gula Rafinasi dari Swasta ke BUMN Diprotes, Ini Sebabnya

Impact on Food, Beverage, and Pharmaceutical Industries: These sectors are highly dependent on a stable and affordably priced supply of refined sugar. Any increase in raw sugar costs directly impacts their production expenses, potentially leading to higher prices for finished goods, reduced profit margins, or even a decrease in competitiveness against imported products. Industry associations are likely to express concerns about supply chain disruptions, quality control issues if BUMNs struggle with procurement, and the potential for a state-led monopoly to dictate terms. They would advocate for a transparent, efficient, and competitive raw material supply.

Refined Sugar Producers: While some state-affiliated refiners might benefit from centralized BUMN procurement, private refined sugar producers could face disadvantages. Concerns about favoritism in allocation, delays in supply, and the potential for BUMNs to leverage their import monopoly to control market prices could create an uneven playing field. This could stifle innovation and efficiency within the private refining sector.

Consumer Advocacy Groups: These groups are expected to voice strong opposition, focusing on the potential for increased consumer prices for a wide range of goods, from packaged foods and beverages to medicines. They would argue that the policy places an undue financial burden on households, particularly lower-income segments, and that more effective solutions should be sought to address market inefficiencies without resorting to measures that could trigger inflation.

DPR Commission VI: While the initial RDP saw the proposal tabled, ongoing discussions within the DPR would likely scrutinize the plan’s feasibility, potential economic impact, and alignment with national development goals. Lawmakers would be under pressure to balance government objectives with industry concerns and consumer welfare.

The Path Forward: Addressing Systemic Inefficiencies

The debate surrounding raw sugar import control highlights the complex challenges facing Indonesia’s sugar industry. Experts like Khudori suggest that a more sustainable approach would involve directly addressing the fundamental issues of domestic production inefficiency and inadequate market oversight, rather than merely shifting import responsibilities.

Strategies could include:

  • Modernization of Sugar Mills: Investing heavily in upgrading aging state-owned sugar factories with modern, efficient technology to increase yields and reduce production costs.
  • Enhancing Sugarcane Productivity: Implementing better agricultural practices, developing high-yielding sugarcane varieties, and providing support to farmers to improve cultivation efficiency.
  • Strengthening Regulatory Oversight: Developing robust tracking and tracing systems for refined sugar from import to end-use, increasing enforcement capacity, and imposing stricter penalties for diversion.
  • Addressing Price Disparity: Implementing policies that either reduce the cost of domestic consumption sugar or carefully manage the price gap between consumption and industrial sugar to remove arbitrage opportunities.
  • Promoting Fair Competition: Ensuring that any state involvement in commodity trading does not stifle private sector efficiency or create unfair market distortions.

Ultimately, the government’s ambition to achieve sugar self-sufficiency and stabilize the domestic market is commendable. However, the proposed shift in raw sugar import authority from private hands to BUMNs, while seemingly a direct intervention, risks creating new layers of inefficiency and cost, potentially replicating past policy failures. As the discussion progresses, a comprehensive approach that tackles the root causes of the industry’s challenges, rather than just treating symptoms, will be crucial for the long-term health of Indonesia’s sugar sector and the welfare of its consumers. The coming months will reveal whether the government proceeds with this controversial plan and how it navigates the strong opposition from economic experts and potentially from affected industries and consumers.

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National News

Ardhito Pramono Transforms for Horror-Comedy ‘Gudang Merica,’ Set for May 2026 Release

by Asep Darmawan
written by Asep Darmawan

Jakarta, VIVA – Acclaimed musician and actor Ardhito Pramono is set to showcase a dramatic departure from his usual on-screen persona in the upcoming horror-comedy film, Gudang Merica. Slated for release on May 21, 2026, the MVP Pictures production, directed by Imam Darto, promises a fresh blend of scares and laughter, starring Pramono in a role that challenges his established image. The film centers on a group of medical students undergoing their clinical rotations (koas) who find themselves ensnared in a series of escalating mystical events within a hospital on the outskirts of the city.

Pramono, known for his suave demeanor and often melancholic or quirky roles, delves into the character of Razi, a figure he describes as starkly different from his own personality. At the trailer and poster launch event for Gudang Merica in Jakarta on Wednesday, April 15, 2026, Pramono shared insights into the extensive adaptation and immersion required for the role. "The character development for Razi was initially amusing because I’ve never portrayed a character using such simple, almost naive ‘aku-kamu’ (I-you) language, and I’ve certainly never been that innocent as a person," Pramono revealed, highlighting the significant contrast.

Beyond his internal approach, Pramono’s physical transformation for Razi is also noteworthy. He sports a middle-part hairstyle, a look he confessed he would never consider in his real life but found perfectly suited for Razi. "There’s a vast difference between me and Razi. Ardhito, well, he’s cool. Razi’s character was difficult to develop; he’s truly different. Even his hair is completely unlike mine. I’ve never had a middle part before, so it was a really interesting element for this character," he explained, emphasizing the deliberate effort to create a distinct visual identity for Razi that would resonate with the character’s inherent innocence and perhaps a touch of awkwardness. This commitment to embodying Razi fully, from speech patterns to appearance, underscores Pramono’s dedication to expanding his acting range and surprising audiences.

The Genesis of a Horror-Comedy: Gudang Merica

The Indonesian film industry continues to diversify its offerings with Gudang Merica, a unique entry in the horror-comedy genre. Produced by MVP Pictures, a prominent name in Indonesian entertainment, and helmed by director Imam Darto, the film is poised to capture the attention of audiences seeking a novel cinematic experience. The concept for Gudang Merica originated from the production house itself, a common practice in the industry where studios often pitch high-concept ideas to directors. Imam Darto then took this initial premise and meticulously crafted it into a complex narrative, weaving in unexpected twists and turns to heighten both the comedic and terrifying elements.

"Initially, Multivision [MVP Pictures] provided the idea about medical students doing their clinical rotations who get trapped in a hospital due to a certain incident. From there, it evolved into a series of events that grew progressively larger and more frightening," Imam Darto elaborated on the film’s conceptual journey. This collaborative approach between a visionary production house and a creative director often leads to films that resonate deeply with audiences, blending commercial appeal with artistic integrity. Darto’s ability to develop a simple concept into a multi-layered story with escalating tension is a testament to his directorial prowess, promising a film that keeps viewers on the edge of their seats while simultaneously eliciting laughter.

The Allure of Horror-Comedy in Indonesian Cinema

The choice of the horror-comedy genre for Gudang Merica is a strategic one, tapping into a burgeoning trend in Indonesian cinema. The genre has seen a significant resurgence and evolution in recent years, appealing to a broad demographic that appreciates the catharsis of laughter intertwined with the thrill of fear. Films like Ghost Writer (2019) and Sekte (2019) have demonstrated the commercial viability and critical potential of combining these seemingly disparate genres. Indonesian audiences, known for their love of both traditional ghost stories and lighthearted humor, often find a unique satisfaction in films that skillfully balance these elements. The comedic relief serves to alleviate tension, making the scares more impactful when they do occur, while the horror elements provide a backbone of suspense that prevents the comedy from becoming frivolous.

Ardhito Pramono Jadi Cowok Culun di Film Gudang Merica, Penampilannya Bikin Pangling!

This genre allows filmmakers to explore social commentary, human vulnerabilities, and cultural superstitions in a more accessible and entertaining way. Gudang Merica, by setting its narrative within a medical internship, adds another layer of intrigue. The high-stress environment of a hospital, particularly for young, inexperienced medical students, naturally lends itself to both dark humor and psychological unease. The film’s premise of "koas" students encountering the supernatural can be seen as a metaphor for the daunting challenges and unexpected horrors they face in their professional lives, amplified by supernatural forces. This context provides a rich backdrop for character development and plot progression, allowing for a nuanced exploration of fear, courage, and the bonds forged under extreme pressure. The film aims not just to scare and amuse but also to offer a glimpse into the often-overlooked anxieties of young medical professionals.

Chronology and Production Insights

The journey of Gudang Merica from concept to screen followed a meticulously planned timeline typical of major film productions. The initial idea from MVP Pictures would have been pitched to Imam Darto likely in late 2024 or early 2025, followed by an intensive script development phase. This period would have involved Darto and his writing team fleshing out the plot, refining characters like Razi, and ensuring the seamless integration of horror and comedy elements. Casting would have commenced once the script was sufficiently developed, with Ardhito Pramono likely joining the project in mid-2025, drawn by the unique challenge of playing Razi.

Principal photography would have taken place over several weeks or months, potentially from late 2025 to early 2026. Filming a horror-comedy presents unique logistical and creative challenges. The crew would have had to maintain a delicate balance on set, ensuring that comedic timing was sharp while also creating genuinely terrifying sequences. Special effects, both practical and visual, would have played a crucial role in bringing the mystical events to life, demanding meticulous planning and execution. Post-production, encompassing editing, sound design, musical scoring, and visual effects, would have been underway in early 2026, culminating in the final cut ready for its April 15 trailer launch and subsequent May 21 theatrical release. The choice of a mid-week release date (Wednesday) for the trailer launch and the film’s theatrical debut on a Wednesday is a common strategy in Indonesia, often aimed at building buzz ahead of the weekend box office and securing optimal screen times.

Anticipated Reactions and Broader Implications

The casting of Ardhito Pramono as Razi in Gudang Merica carries significant implications for his acting career. Known for his charismatic stage presence as a musician and his roles in films such as Nanti Kita Cerita Tentang Hari Ini (2020) and Dear Nathan: Thank You Salma (2022), Pramono has typically been associated with romantic, introspective, or slightly unconventional characters. His portrayal of Razi, a character described as "polos" (naive) and visually distinct with his middle-part hair, represents a conscious effort to break free from typecasting. This transformation could significantly broaden his appeal, demonstrating his versatility and capability to tackle diverse roles, thereby solidifying his position as a serious actor beyond his musical fame. Industry observers will be keen to see how audiences react to this new facet of his acting prowess, which could open doors to an even wider array of cinematic opportunities.

For Imam Darto, Gudang Merica offers a chance to further establish his directorial vision. While details on his previous directorial ventures are not extensively detailed in the provided snippet, leading a high-concept horror-comedy for a major production house like MVP Pictures is a significant step. Success with Gudang Merica could position him as a versatile filmmaker capable of handling complex narratives and genre blends, enhancing his reputation within the competitive Indonesian film landscape. His ability to take an initial idea and expand it into a compelling story with both scares and laughs speaks to his potential as a storyteller.

MVP Pictures, through Gudang Merica, is reinforcing its strategic presence in the popular horror and comedy genres. The production house has a history of delivering commercially successful films, and this venture signifies their continued commitment to innovation and understanding audience preferences. By investing in a genre-blending film with a recognizable star, MVP Pictures aims to capture a significant share of the domestic box office. The film’s success could encourage further investment in similar hybrid genres, pushing the boundaries of Indonesian storytelling.

More broadly, Gudang Merica contributes to the ongoing evolution and diversification of the Indonesian film industry. The increasing sophistication of local productions, coupled with a willingness to experiment with genre conventions, reflects a maturing cinematic landscape. Films like Gudang Merica not only entertain but also stimulate discussions about genre boundaries, character development, and the creative potential within the industry. The narrative, set against the backdrop of medical students, also offers a unique cultural snapshot, blending local folklore and modern anxieties. If successful, it could pave the way for other unique genre combinations, attracting both domestic and potentially international attention to the richness of Indonesian cinema. The May 21, 2026 release date places it in a competitive summer slot, suggesting confidence from MVP Pictures in its appeal and box office potential. The film is poised to be a significant entry, offering a fresh perspective on the horror-comedy genre while showcasing the evolving talents of its lead star and director.

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